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15 Apr 2002

Volume 91, Issue 8, pp. 4791-5508

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Measurement of Ar metastables near a dielectric surface in barrier and plasma display panel discharges

T. Sakurai, S. Matsuzawa, and Y. Kamo

J. Appl. Phys. 91, 4806 (2002); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1456961 (5 pages) | Cited 10 times

Online Publication Date: 29 March 2002

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The density of Ar 1s5 metastable excited atoms in the vicinity of a surface in barrier and display panel discharges was measured by the laser-induced evanescent-mode fluorescence technique. The temporal and spatial distributions of excited atoms were also measured by conventional spontaneous emission and laser absorption methods. From these measurements at various pressures, the behavior of the metastable atoms is clarified and the flux of the metastable atoms on the barrier surface is estimated. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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52.80.Wq Discharge in liquids and solids
85.60.Pg Display systems
32.50.+d Fluorescence, phosphorescence (including quenching)

Determination of the ionization and acceleration zones in a stationary plasma thruster by optical spectroscopy study: Experiments and model

N. Dorval, J. Bonnet, J. P. Marque, E. Rosencher, S. Chable, F. Rogier, and P. Lasgorceix

J. Appl. Phys. 91, 4811 (2002); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1458053 (7 pages) | Cited 23 times

Online Publication Date: 29 March 2002

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A stationary plasma thruster is experimentally studied using different optical spectroscopies of xenon ions. Doppler shift in laser induced fluorescence is used for velocity determination while the ion density is determined by emission spectroscopy. These experiments show unambiguously that the ionization and the acceleration zones are spatially distinct inside the thruster channel. Moreover, it is shown that these results can be easily taken into account with a very simple quasineutral stationary one-dimensional model. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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52.70.Kz Optical (ultraviolet, visible, infrared) measurements
52.75.Di Ion and plasma propulsion
52.25.-b Plasma properties
52.65.-y Plasma simulation

Ion extraction from a laser-ionized plasma produced between parallel plate cathodes and an anode above them

Hitoshi Kurosawa, Shuichi Hasegawa, and Atsuyuki Suzuki

J. Appl. Phys. 91, 4818 (2002); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1454191 (6 pages) | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: 29 March 2002

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We studied the behavior of a laser-photoionized plasma in atomic-vapor laser isotope separation under an external electric field with a two-dimensional one-fluid model, in which electrons are assumed to be in thermal equilibrium. Sheath-formation and ion-extraction processes are investigated in both a conventional parallel-electrode system and an M-type electrode system consisting of two parallel cathodes and one anode above them. The process of ion extraction in the M-type electrode was made clear and it is shown that ions are collected twice as fast as in the parallel-electrode system. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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52.65.-y Plasma simulation
52.40.Kh Plasma sheaths
82.50.-m Photochemistry

Ion flux from vacuum arc cathode spots in the absence and presence of a magnetic field

André Anders and George Yu. Yushkov

J. Appl. Phys. 91, 4824 (2002); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1459619 (9 pages) | Cited 132 times

Online Publication Date: 29 March 2002

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Because plasma production at vacuum cathode spots is approximately proportional to the arc current, arc current modulation can be used to generate ion current modulation that can be detected far from the spot using a negatively biased ion collector. The drift time to the ion detector can used to determine kinetic ion energies. A very wide range of cathode materials have been used. It has been found that the kinetic ion energy is higher at the beginning of each discharge and approximately constant after 150 μs. The kinetic energy is correlated with the arc voltage and the cohesive energy of the cathode material. The ion erosion rate is in inverse relation to the cohesive energy, enhancing the effect that the power input per plasma particle correlates with the cohesive energy of the cathode material. The influence of three magnetic field configurations on the kinetic energy has been investigated. Generally, a magnetic field increases the plasma impedance, arc burning voltage, and kinetic ion energy. However, if the plasma is produced in a region of low field strength and streaming into a region of higher field strength, the velocity may decrease due to the magnetic mirror effect. A magnetic field can increase the plasma temperature but may reduce the density gradients by preventing free expansion into the vacuum. Therefore, depending on the configuration, a magnetic field may increase or decrease the kinetic energy of ions. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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52.80.Mg Arcs; sparks; lightning; atmospheric electricity
52.80.Vp Discharge in vacuum
79.20.Rf Atomic, molecular, and ion beam impact and interactions with surfaces

Experimental study on the feasibility of hot plasmas as stripping media for MeV heavy ions

K. Shibata, K. Tsubuku, T. Nishimoto, J. Hasegawa, M. Ogawa, Y. Oguri, and A. Sakumi

J. Appl. Phys. 91, 4833 (2002); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1433175 (7 pages) | Cited 1 time

Online Publication Date: 29 March 2002

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The feasibility of using hot plasmas as strippers for low-energy ion beams has been investigated by measuring charge state distributions of 350 keV/u ions (12C,16O,19F) after their passage through a laser-produced plasma target. The plasma target was produced by irradiating a small pellet of lithium hydride with a Nd-glass laser. The profiles of electron densities of the plasma target were estimated from the intensity profiles of an Ar laser refracted by the plasma. The intensities of ions with different charge states were simultaneously measured using a time-resolved magnetic spectrograph. It was found that this plasma can yield higher charge states than conventional gaseous or solid strippers. Results of a numerical analysis are compared with the experimental data to explain the observed stripping capability of the plasma. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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52.40.Mj Particle beam interactions in plasmas
52.77.-j Plasma applications
41.75.Ak Positive-ion beams
52.59.-f Intense particle beams and radiation sources
52.25.-b Plasma properties
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