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Journal of Applied Physics / Volume 105 / Issue 2 / NANOSCALE SCIENCE AND DESIGN

J. Appl. Phys. 105, 024306 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3067761 (7 pages)

Enhanced capability in a gas aggregation source for magnetic nanoparticles

Gail N. Iles1, S. H. Baker2, S. C. Thornton2, and C. Binns2

1Institut Laue Langevin, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, 38042 Grenoble, France
2University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK

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(Received 6 August 2008; accepted 4 December 2008; published online 22 January 2009)

We describe the characterization of a high-temperature (2000 K) thermal gas aggregation source that is ultrahigh vacuum compatible and can cleanly deposit transition metal clusters with partial pressures of contaminants in the 10−11 mbar range allowing codeposition with highly reactive matrices. In particular, we investigate the effect of varying (i) the bath gas pressure and composition on the size distribution and flux of clusters produced and (ii) the position of the crucible within the source. The mass spectra of Fe clusters produced, recorded using a quadrupole filter, show that changing the operating conditions and configuration of the source allow a wide range of cluster sizes—3000–320 000 amu ( ∼ 50–6000 atoms for Fe or Co) to be produced. We demonstrate the cleanliness of the source by producing uncontaminated Fe clusters in rare-earth matrices.

© 2009 American Institute of Physics

Article Outline

  1. INTRODUCTION
  2. INSTRUMENTATION
  3. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
    1. Effect of varying bath gas pressure and composition
    2. Introducing a coating gas
    3. Effect of altering crucible position
    4. Production of Fe clusters in Dy matrices
  4. CONCLUSIONS

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KEYWORDS and PACS

Keywords

aggregates (materials), high-temperature effects, iron, mass spectra, metal clusters, nanoparticles

PACS

  • 75.50.Tt

    Fine-particle systems; nanocrystalline materials

  • 61.46.Bc

    Structure of clusters (e.g., metcars; not fragments of crystals; free or loosely aggregated or loosely attached to a substrate)

ARTICLE DATA

Digital Object Identifier
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3067761

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN

0021-8979 (print)  
1089-7550 (online)

Publisher

$abstract.society.value is a Member of CrossRef American Institute of Physics

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    References

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    S. H. Baker, S. C. Thornton, K. W. Edmonds, M. J. Maher, C. Norris, and C. Binns, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 71, 3178 (2000)RSINAK000071000008003178000001.

    F. Di Fonzo, A. Gidwani, M. H. Fan, D. Neumann, D. I. Iordanaglou, J. V. R. Heberlein, P. H. McMurray, S. L. Girshick, N. Tymiak, W. W. Gerberich, and N. P. Rao, Appl. Phys. Lett. 77, 910 (2000)APPLAB000077000006000910000001.

    K. W. Edmonds, C. Binns, S. H. Baker, S. C. Thornton, C. Norris, J. B. Goedkoop, M. Finazzi, and N. B. Brookes, Phys. Rev. B 60, 1 (1999).


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