jap banner
  • Volume/Page
  • Keyword
  • DOI
  • Citation
  • Advanced
   
 
 
 

Flickr Twitter iResearch App Facebook

BROWSE VOLUMES

Year Range: 
Search Issue | RSS Feeds RSS
Previous Issue Next Issue

1 Nov 2007

Volume 102, Issue 9, Articles (09xxxx)

Issue Cover Spotlight Figure

J. Appl. Phys. 102, 091101 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2804122 (21 pages)

Franky So, Benjamin Krummacher, Mathew K. Mathai, Dmitry Poplavskyy, Stelios A. Choulis, and Vi-En Choong
Enlarge Image | Read More
Return to All Sections
back to top
RSS Feeds

Optimal expansion of a heated working fluid for maximum work output with generalized radiative heat transfer law

Hanjiang Song, Lingen Chen, and Fengrui Sun

J. Appl. Phys. 102, 094901 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2802187 (10 pages) | Cited 9 times

Online Publication Date: 1 November 2007

Full Text: Read Online (HTML) | Download PDF

Show Abstract
The optimal configuration of the expansion process of a heated working fluid inside a cylinder for maximum work output with a movable piston and generalized radiative heat transfer law math∝Δ(T n) is determined. The optimal process that maximizes the work output of the working fluid with fixed initial energy, initial volume, and final volume is obtained using optimal control theory. The optimal process consists of at most three stages, including an initial adiabatic branch, one intermediate Euler-Lagrange arc, and a final adiabatic branch. The analytical solutions of the intermediate Euler-Lagrange arc are obtained for different heat transfer laws, including n = −1, n = 1, n = 2, n = 3, and n = 4. Numerical examples for the optimal configurations are provided. Finally, the obtained results are compared with each other.
Show PACS
47.27.te Turbulent convective heat transfer
47.60.-i Flow phenomena in quasi-one-dimensional systems
47.85.Np Fluidics
02.60.Cb Numerical simulation; solution of equations

Storage and light scattering of microparticles in a ring-type electrodynamic trap

Al. A. Kolomenskii, S. N. Jerebtsov, J. A. Stoker, M. O. Scully, and H. A. Schuessler

J. Appl. Phys. 102, 094902 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2802287 (7 pages) | Cited 2 times

Online Publication Date: 1 November 2007

Full Text: Read Online (HTML) | Download PDF

Show Abstract
We employ a Paul-Straubel ring-type electrodynamic trap for studies of single microparticles. Such a trap provides ready access for laser beams to a stored species and is especially suited for scattering and spectroscopic studies of fine particles. We derive the pseudopotential for such a trap and determine the stability regions for confinement of charged particles considering also the viscous force of a buffer medium and the force of gravity. The dynamics of microparticles in such a trap is numerically simulated. The diffraction pattern of light scattered on a polystyrene particle of about 10 μm diameter was registered. For measuring Raman spectra from a single dipicolinic acid microparticle, we used excitation at 488 nm and detection with a fiber optics spectrometer. To improve the collection of light, the trap with the stored particle was placed inside an elliptical mirror.
Show PACS
78.35.+c Brillouin and Rayleigh scattering; other light scattering
78.30.Jw Organic compounds, polymers

Volumetric negative-refractive-index metamaterials based upon the shunt-node transmission-line configuration

Micah Stickel, Francis Elek, Jiang Zhu, and George V. Eleftheriades

J. Appl. Phys. 102, 094903 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2803924 (7 pages) | Cited 5 times

Online Publication Date: 6 November 2007

Full Text: Read Online (HTML) | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A volumetric negative-refractive-index transmission-line (NRI-TL) metamaterial is presented. This structure constitutes a natural extension of the planar NRI-TL metamaterials1 and maintains the desired features of broad bandwidth and low transmission loss. Unlike their planar counterparts, the proposed volumetric NRI-TL metamaterials can effectively couple incident plane waves from free space. The proposed topology can be readily made by stacking layers that are individually fabricated using standard multilayer printed-circuit board techniques at microwave frequencies. However, the creation of the volumetric structure results in the presence of a parasitic parallel-plate mode. This mode can interfere with the desired backward wave mode of the metamaterial, causing a stop band to appear. To facilitate the rapid analysis of this new design, a multiconductor transmission line model was developed. Through the use of this model and full-wave simulations, it will be demonstrated that this unwanted parallel-plate mode can be eliminated by properly arranging the vertical inductive loading wires. Using this process, it will be shown that a properly designed inductive load can result in a practical NRI metamaterial slab which is matched to free space over a large bandwidth (22%) and with low insertion loss (<−1 dB). This approach can also be used to design NRI-TL metamaterials with backward wave dispersion bandwidths of over 140%.
Show PACS
84.40.Az Waveguides, transmission lines, striplines
85.40.-e Microelectronics: LSI, VLSI, ULSI; integrated circuit fabrication technology
02.10.Yn Matrix theory

Investigation of a cavitation bubble between a rigid boundary and a free surface

Peter Gregorčič, Rok Petkovšek, and Janez Možina

J. Appl. Phys. 102, 094904 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2805645 (8 pages) | Cited 15 times

Online Publication Date: 7 November 2007

Full Text: Read Online (HTML) | Download PDF

Show Abstract
When a high-intensity laser pulse is focused into a liquid the energy is converted into mechanical energy via an optodynamic process. The conversion starts with plasma formation; this is followed by shock-wave propagation and the expansion of a cavitation bubble. A cavitation bubble developed near boundaries results in an asymmetrical collapse, with the generation of a liquid jet during the bubble’s rebound. In the case of a free surface this liquid jet is directed away from the surface and the oscillation times are prolonged. On the other hand, in the case of a rigid boundary, the liquid jet is directed toward the boundary and the oscillation times are shortened. We present measurements of a cavitation bubble oscillating between a free surface and a rigid boundary using deflections of a laser beam as the optical probe. Shadow photography was used simultaneously as a comparison during the experiments. With the beam-deflection probe we also measured the shortening of the oscillation times near a free surface as well as the prolongation of oscillation times near a rigid boundary. In order to explain this shortening of the cavitation-bubble oscillation times near a free surface, Rayleigh’s model was extended and compared with our experimental results.
Show PACS
47.55.dp Cavitation and boiling

Raman spectroscopy study of damage and strain in (001) and (011) Si induced by hydrogen or helium implantation

C. Villeneuve, K. K. Bourdelle, V. Paillard, X. Hebras, and M. Kennard

J. Appl. Phys. 102, 094905 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2809394 (7 pages) | Cited 4 times

Online Publication Date: 14 November 2007

Full Text: Read Online (HTML) | Download PDF

Show Abstract
We use Raman spectrometry to investigate lattice disorder and strain induced by hydrogen or helium implantation in (001) and (011) Si. The phonon peak intensities and the spatial correlation model are used to estimate the amount of damage affecting the phonon coherence length. The redshift due to reduced coherence length is taken into account to fit the model to the experimental spectra. This allows us to correctly estimate a blueshift attributed to a compressive in-plane strain. We observe that the amount of strain increases linearly with the implant dose. For H implants the dependence of strain on crystallographic orientation was discovered. This effect is attributed to the anisotropic morphology of the H-induced extended defects: two-dimensional platelets with preferred orientations versus spherical nanobubbles formed after He implants. Raman results are correlated with the implant damage simulations and compared with the data obtained by other characterization techniques.
Show PACS
78.30.Am Elemental semiconductors and insulators

Critical condition for growth of silicon nanowires

Florian Dhalluin, Pierre J. Desré, Martien I. den Hertog, Jean-Luc Rouvière, Pierre Ferret, Pascal Gentile, and Thierry Baron

J. Appl. Phys. 102, 094906 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2811935 (5 pages) | Cited 23 times

Online Publication Date: 14 November 2007

Full Text: Read Online (HTML) | Download PDF

Show Abstract
The existence of a critical radius on the growth of Si nanowires by the vapor-liquid-solid mechanism is examined. By varying the experimental growth parameters, we have shown a dependence of the minimum nanowires radius with the Si reactive species partial pressure, demonstrating that the critical radius is not a limited one. A thermodynamical model giving a quantitative aspect of the dependence of a critical nanowire diameter on Si supersaturation in a Au-Si droplet is proposed. These results open up a way to grow many kinds of nanowires with nanometric diameter. The size control has important implications for electronic and optical properties of nanowires based devices.
Show PACS
81.16.Be Chemical synthesis methods
81.15.Gh Chemical vapor deposition (including plasma-enhanced CVD, MOCVD, ALD, etc.)
68.65.La Quantum wires (patterned in quantum wells)
Return to All Sections
Close

Google Calendar

ADVERTISEMENT

Go to AIP Home   © AIP Publishing LLC
close