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Journal of Applied Physics / Volume 102 / Issue 1 / STRUCTURAL, MECHANICAL, THERMODYNAMIC, AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF CONDENSED MATTER

J. Appl. Phys. 102, 013505 (2007); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2751485 (5 pages)

Characterization of bubble core and cloudiness in Yb3+:Sr5(PO4)3F crystals using micro-Raman spectroscopy

Yunlong Cui1, Utpal N. Roy1, Lihua Bai1, Arnold Burger1, S. Roger Qiu2, and Kathleen Schaffers2

1Physics Department, Fisk University, Nashville, Tennessee 37208
2Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551

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(Received 26 April 2007; accepted 21 May 2007; published online 3 July 2007)

Ytterbium doped strontium fluoroapatite Yb3+:Sr5(PO4)3F (Yb:S-FAP) crystals have been used in high average power laser systems as gain medium. Growth induced defects associated with the crystal often affect their performance. In order to improve the crystal quality and its optical applications, it is imperative to understand the nature of these defects. In this study, we utilize micro-Raman spectroscopy to characterize two common growth-induced defects: bubble core and cloudiness. We find the bubble core consist of voids and microcrystals of Yb:S-FAP. These microcrystals have very different orientation from that of the pure crystal outside the bubble core. In contrast to a previous report, neither Sr3(PO4)2 nor Yb2O3 are observed in the bubble core regions. On the other hand, the cloudy regions are made up of the host materials blended with a structural deformation along with impurities which include CaCO3, YbPO4, SrHPO4, and Sr2P2O7 . The impurities are randomly distributed in the cloudy regions. This analysis is necessary for understanding and eliminating these growth defects in Yb:S-FAP crystals.

© 2007 American Institute of Physics

Article Outline

  1. INTRODUCTION
  2. GROUP THEORY ANALYSIS
  3. EXPERIMENT
  4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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KEYWORDS and PACS

Keywords

strontium compounds, ytterbium, optical materials, bubbles, Raman spectra, voids (solid), deformation, impurities

PACS

ARTICLE DATA

Digital Object Identifier
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2751485

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN

0021-8979 (print)  
1089-7550 (online)

Publisher

$abstract.society.value is a Member of CrossRef American Institute of Physics

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    References

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